A medical doctor at the Bank Hospital, Dr Wisdom Efiong, has said that genetics, age, hormonal exposure, lifestyle choices, and reproductive history are among the main risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing breast cancer.

Speaking on Channel One TV and monitored by GhanaWeb on October 4, 2025, he explained that genetics and family history play a significant role in breast cancer risk.

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“Individuals with immediate family members diagnosed with breast cancer, especially those carrying the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, are at higher risk,” he said. Age is another critical factor, with risk increasing as women grow older, particularly after 40, when breast tissue becomes less dense and cancers are easier to detect.

“Early menstruation, late menopause, or prolonged exposure to estrogen can increase susceptibility,” Dr Efiong stated.

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He noted that lifestyle choices, including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle, increases the risks of the disease.

Dr Efiong emphasized that while some risk factors cannot be changed, awareness and early detection are key.

“Being aware of your body and seeking medical guidance when something seems different can make a huge difference,” he said. He encouraged women to conduct regular self-breast exams to develop “breast memory,” so any unusual changes can be noticed early.

He also explained the importance of clinical screenings. For women above 40, mammograms are recommended as they are more effective when breast tissue is less dense.

“Every person is different, and every journey is unique. If you notice a lump, changes in the nipple, or unusual discharge, it is important to visit a health facility promptly,” Dr Efiong advised.

Breast Cancer Awareness Month is an international health campaign held every October to promote screening and reduce the risk of the disease, which affects 2.3 million women globally.

The month features a number of campaigns and programs designed to support people diagnosed with breast cancer, educate people about the risk factors and also
encourage women to go for regular screening.

JKB/ EB

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