Wace ƙungiya ce Brics kuma mece ce manufarta?

Shugabannin wannan ƙungiya ta Brics wato Burazil da Rasha da Chana da kuma Afirka ta Kudu suna gudanar da wani taro a Johannesburg daga ranar 22 ga wannan wata na Agusta, inda babbar manufar taron ita ce duba yuwuwar samun ƙarin ƙasashe a matsayin mambobinta.

Afirka ta Kudu da za ta karbi baƙuncin taron ƙolin ta ce akwai kimanin ƙasashe 40 ko fiye da a yanzu haka ke muradin zama mambobin ƙungiyar.

Ta ya aka samar da wannan ƙungiya ta Brics?

A shekarar 2001 wani masani tattalin arziki na Bankin Goldman Sachs mai suna Jim O'Neill, ne ya ƙirƙiro wannan kalmar ta "Brics" wadda kowane harafin farko na matsayin matashiyar sunan ƙasashen Burazil da Rasha da Indiya da kuma Chana.

A lokacin su na cikin ƙasashen duniya da tattalin arziƙinsu ke haɓaka cikin sauri. Wannan ne ma ya sa ya yi hasashen cewa nan da zuwa shekara ta 2050 akwai yuwuwar su zama ƙasashen da suka fi ƙarfin tattalin arziƙi a duniya.

A shekarar 2006 ƙasashen huɗu sun yanke shawarar haɗewa wuri ɗaya don kafa wannan ƙungiya. Daga bisani a 2010 ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu ta bi sahu a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mambobin ƙungiyar.

Wane muhimmanci ƙungiyar Brics ke da shi?

Ƙasashen wannan ƙungiya ta Brics na da yawan jama'a kimanin biyan 3.24 kazalika tattalin arzikinsu ya kai dala tiriliyan 26, kwatankwacin kashi 26 cikin ɗari na gaba ɗayan tattalin arziƙin duniya.

Har ila yau, wata ƙungiyar da ke ƙasar Amurka, ta bayyana cewa Brics na da kashi 15 cikin ɗari ne kawai na ƙarfin tafiyar da Bankin Bayar Da Lamuni Na Duniya (IMF).

Wane muradi Brics ke son cimmawa?

An kafa ƙungiyar ce domin samar da hanyoyin sauya tsarin cibiyoyin kuɗi na duniya kamar su Bankin Bayar Da Lamuni Na Duniya (IMF) da Bankin Duniya da kuma fito da "magana da murya ɗaya da za ta waikilci" ci gaban tattalin arziki.

Gamayyar ta Brics ta samar da wani Bankin Raya Tattalin Arziki na NBD a 2014, da ke da jarin da ya kai dala biliyan 250, wanda kuma aikinsa shi ne samar wa ƙasashe masu tasowa rancen kuɗi.

Baya ga haka ma, akwai ƙasashen da ba mambobin Brics ba ne irin su Masar da Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa da ke hulɗa da bankin na NBD.

Ko akwai yiwuwar ƙasashen na Brics su samar da kuɗin bai-ɗaya?

A kwanan nan manyan 'yan siyasar Burazil da Rasha sun fito da shawarar samar da kuɗin bai-ɗaya ga ƙasashen ƙungiyar domin su ƙalubalanci mamayar da dalar Amurka ke yi a tsarin kasuwanci da hada-hadar kuɗi a duniya.

Haka kuma, jakadan Afirka ta Kudu na Brics a yankin Asiya, Anil Sooklal, ya bayyana cewa wannan bai cikin manufar da za a tattauna a taron ƙolin da ke gudana a Johannesburg.

Jim O'Neill na Bankin Goldman Sachs, wanda tun a farko shi ne ya ƙyanƙyashe tunanin kafa wannan ƙungiya da ta samar da ƙasashen na "Brics", ya taɓa shaida wa Mujallar Financial Times ta Burtaniya cewa lamarin da ya shafi samar da kuɗin bai-ɗaya na da sarƙaƙiya.

Ta ina ƙasashen Brics suka haɗa alaƙa kuma me ya bambanta su?

A cewar Farfesa Padraig Carmody, masanin ilimin tarihin ƙasa na Kwalejin Tirinity ta Dublin, "kowace ƙasa ta ƙungiyar Brics, ƙasa ce mai ƙarfin iko a yankinta".

Ya ce, "Har ila yau, ana yi ma Chana kallon babbar karen farauta", "Inda ta hanyar kasancewa mamba a Brics zai ba ta damar zama mafi ƙarfin faɗa a ji a duniya a yankin Kudu, da ke yin kira da sake fasali ko kuma kifar da tsarin da duniya ke kai a halin yanzu."

Ita kuma Indiya na zaman abokiyar jayayyar ƙasar Chana a yankin Asiya. Ta kuma daɗe ta na jayayyar iyaka da Chana, abinda ya sa ta daɗe ta na hadaka da Amurka da sauran su domin neman samun ikon faɗaɗa ƙarfin ikonta a yankin.

"Ƙasashen na Brics dai sun samu rabuwar kai a kan lamarin da ya shafi yadda za su tafiyar da ƙasashen Turai."

"Misali Rasha na yi ma Brics kallon wani sashin da ta ke amfani da shi domin yaƙar ƙasashen yamma, inda hakan kan taimaka ma ta samar da mafita daga takunkuman da aka saka mata sakamakon mamaye Ukraine da ta yi", in ji Creon Butler wanda Darakta ne na wani shirin Raya Tattalin Arzikin Duniya a Cibiyar Chatham House da ke Landan.

Bayan da ƙasashen yammacin duniya suka ƙaƙaba wa Rasha jerin takunkumai a ɓangaren man fetur, sai ta ci gaba da hulɗar kasuwanci da ƙasashen Indiya da Chana.

Baya ga haka, a watan Fabarairun wannan shekara ta 2023 Rasha ta yi wani atisayen sojin ruwa tsakaninta da Chana da kuma Afirka ta Kudu.

Duk da haka akwai wasu ƙasashe mambobin Brics da ba su son a mayar da lamarin ya zama mai kawo farraƙa tsakaninsu da ƙasashen yamma.

A cewar Mista Butler, "a ciki akwai Afirka ta Kudu da Burazil da Indiya da ba su da ra'ayin da zai kai ga raba duniya".

"Saboda yin adawa da ƙasashen Turai na iya zama babbar barazana gare su a fannin tsaro da tattalin arziki".

Waɗanne ƙasashe ne ke son zama mambobin ƙungiyar Brics?

A kwanan nan jakadan Afirka ta Kudu na ƙungiyar Brics a yankin Asiya, Anil Sooklal, ya ce akwai kimanin ƙasashe 22 da suka bayyana sha'awar shiga kungiyar, baya ga haka ma akwai irin wannan adadin da suka nuna irin wannan buƙata.

Waɗannan kuwa sun haɗa da Iran da Ajantina da Kyuba da Kazakhstan da Habasha da Saudiyya da Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa da kuma Venezuela.

A ta bakin Farfesa Carmody, "Akwai bayanan da ke cewa ƙarfin ikon ƙasashen yamma na ci gaba da raguwa, inda a yanzu ƙasashe masu tasowa ne ke son maye wannan gurbi, tamkar dai ƙasashen Brics".

"Amma kuma, Brics wata ƙungiya ce ta daban", in ji shi, inda yake tambayar, "ko ya Allah ya yiwu shigar da sabbin membobi a cikinta ya taimaka wa tasirin da ta ke da shi?"

A ganina dai ƙasashe ƙalilan ne za a ba damar shiga cikin ta", a cewar Burtler, "Amma za su iya zama ƙasashe irin su Ajantina a maimakon masu tsattsauran ra'ayi kamar Iran".

Ko me ake sa ran za a tattauna a taron ƙolin na Brics?

An soma gudanar da taron ƙolin shugabannin Brics a Johannesburg a ranar 22 zuwa 24 ga watan Agustan 2023.

Wani abin da ake tattaunawa shi ne waɗanne ƙasashe ne za su shiga wannan ƙungiya.

Wasu ƙalubalen da ke kan ajandar taron sun haɗa da: batutuwan da suka shafi magance sauyin yanayi da bunƙasa kasuwanci da saka jari da fasahar ƙere-ƙere a ƙasashe masu tasowa da kuma duba tsare-tsaren da suka shafi sha'anin shugabanci da za su ba ƙasashen babbar damar bayyana ra'ayinsu.

Afirka ta Kudu ta gayyaci shugabannin ƙasashe fiye da 60 daga nahiyar Afirka da Latin Amurka da Asiya da kuma yankin Karebiyan.

Kazalika, shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ba zai halarci taron ba. Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya ta bayar da izinin kama shi a bisa dalilan aikata laifukan yaƙi, abin da tuni ya musanta.

Afirka ta Kudun na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen da suka saka hannu a yarjejeniyar kotun, wanda ya zama dole ta aiwatar da umurnin kotun a duk lokacin da ya shiga ƙasar.

Shugaba Putin dai ya bayyana cewa zai halarci taron ta kafar bidiyo yayin da Ministan Harkokin Wajen Sergei Lavrov ƙasar, zai isa Afirka ta Kudu domin halartar taron.